Construction Guide

22/7/ 2000

[1] FORMATION WIDTH, CROSSFALL AND SUPERELEVATION

The normal crossfall required on straight sections of road shall be 5% with a center peaked (non-flat) crown. Tolerance on crossfalls is 5% to 6%. Superelevation at horizontal curves shall not be less than 5% on the inside of the curves and shall be less than 10% on the outside of curve. Transitions into curves are to be short but not abrupt.

For road sections where the formation width is less than 4.50 metres (15 ft), the final shape shall consist of a Single crossfall ie: 5% (With no crown) with the crossfall on straight sections inside cuttings being towards the hill on horizontal curves the superelevation shall follow normal convention with the outside of the curve being super-elevated to a maximum of 10%.

Construction work should be carried out over the entire formation width including shoulders.

[2] SEQUENCE OF (CONSTRUCTION WORK REQUIRED )

2.1 :The sequence of work to be followed is summarised below.

(a) Form Road to Required Crossfalls:
- Rip scarify, grade and contour existing roads to finished levels and required crossfall. Lightly roll and compact surface using pneumatic tired roller or equivalent roller to required shape.


(b) Re-rip Pavement to 150mm (5.9 inches) Depth:
- Scarify and break up lumps with grader mixing and rollers.


(c) Apply EarthZyme:
- Calculate the required liquid EarthZyme quantity required for treatment and additional water required to achieve required moisture content and apply using pressurised water carts.

(d) Mix EarthZyme:
- Mix EarthZyme with grader or mechanical rotary hoe or combination of both and ensure the product is evenly and thoroughly mixed to a friable state. Test and monitor moisture content (performance target: 1% below optimum moisture content). Trim road to finished levels and crossfall.


(e) Undertake Depth Verification of Stabilising:
- Verify the depth and mixing of EarthZyme.


(f) Compact Pavement / Slurring Top Surface:
- Compact surface to final shape using steel vibratory rollers. Before final finishing using pneumatic tyred rollers, spray top surface with EarthZyme-Water mix with 1 Litre EarthZyme per 1000sqm, let it soak for a while, till surface will not stick to the roller and finish off with the final surface compaction till surface is entirely smooth.

(g) Undertake Verification of Compaction and Final Shape:
- Verify degree of compaction (performance target: 95% maximum dry density). Verify shape.


(h) Apply Running Course if specified. Apply selected chip running course and roll in place.

2.2 EarthZyme APPLICATION (US gallons used throughout)

Once the pavement is formed to shape and re-scarified, EarthZyme water mix can be sprayed using purpose built water tankers fitted with pressurised water spraying equipment with controls suitable for ensuring the product is applied evenly at the required application rate.

The Rate of Application for is:
R = 35.5 m³/Litre (46.4 yd³/0.26 gal)
ie: 1 litre (0.26 gallons) of EarthZyme pure treats 35.5 cubic metres (46.4 cubic yards) of compacted soil material. The required quantity of for each treatment area is to be calculated, and then mixed with water for ease of application and to achieve the required moisture content for optimum compaction.

Typical optimum moisture content and maximum dry density test results of road aggregate are given in soil test results. The water truck will be required to add sufficient water to obtain the desired moisture content requirements for the construction of the pavement.

It is recommended that for ease of workability during construction, moisture content shall be kept at 1-2% below the optimum moisture content. Use of water shall generally be applied in accordance with the Engineers specification for pavement course construction. If the existing pavement is too wet, the contractor shall allow for drying of the pavement during the mixing of materials as described in 2.6 above by mixing soil for sufficient period of time to obtain a dry state of soil as required for mixing.

Application Example:

Say: Road Length = 500m (1640 ft)
Load Width = 7.0m (23 ft)
Depth = 0.15m (5.9 inches) =>Volume Soil = 525m³ (687 yd³)
3 => Amount of = 525 divided by 35.5 = 14.7 litres (3.9 gallons)


2.3 MIX EarthZyme INTO PAVEMENT MATERIALS

The pavement material and product shall be thoroughly mixed to a depth of 150 mm (5.9 inches) ? 15 mm (0.6 inches) by use of a grader or rotary mixer or combination of both.

Mixing must pulverize the pavement materials to a friable state, to ensure maximum penetration of EarthZyme, uniformly spread the pavement materials and stabilizer to the depth required.

2.4 COMPACT PAVEMENT

The pavement materials shall be compacted as set out in the specification except as modified in the following paragraphs.

Compaction of the mixed pavement shall then be completed as soon as possible with all compaction and shaping of the pavement to the required shape being completed within 48 hours from the time of stabilization.
It is our recommendation to spread one thin layer of fine gravel (1/8" - 1/4") on the surface of the road for wear surface and to smooth the surface with a rubber tire compactor for unsealed roads.

2.5 VERIFICATION TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL

It will be the contractors responsibility to undertake various testing and monitoring procedures to ensure strict compliance with the specified requirements. The contractor shall nominate the registered laboratory which will undertake the testing and monitoring works, for the approval of the Engineer.

Results of all testing should be recorded and copies forwarded to Cypher International Ltd. for inclusion in your records and data file for future reference.

2.6 STABILISATION DEPTH VERIFICATION

Following mixing of EarthZyme into the pavement (prior to compaction and shaping) a small test pit should be dug to enable the level of the undisturbed subgrade material below the stabilised material to be determined. The location of this pit may be determined by the Engineer. The level of this subgrade material shall be determined from a reference peg to be located outside of the stabilisation works and adjacent to the test pit. It is important that the exact location of this test pit is known so as to enable it to be relocated once pavement construction is completed For this reason, it is suggested that the test pit be located by use of an offset from the reference peg.

After completion and final shaping of the stabilised pavement,levels shall again be taken of the test pit, but this time the level of the completed pavement surface (ie:- at a point immediately above the initial test).

These two levels shall be used to determine the actual depth of Stabilising obtained. This depth shall be ie:- 150mm (5.9 inches) ? 15mm (0.6 inches).

2.7 EarthZyme APPLICATION MONITORING

Pressurised water trucks are to be employed to distribute the water / EarthZyme mixture. The quantity of water in the tank should be able to be determined accurately by means of dipping or other approved method.

Prior to EarthZyme spraying, the contractor shall arrange to undertake spraying trials to enable the spray rate calibration to be determined. The contractor shall ensure that the mixture is sprayed evenly over the treatment area, and shall submit for Engineers approval the intended method proposed to achieve this. Care must be taken to ensure areas are not missed or double sprayed.

The quantity of EarthZyme added to each tank mix shall be accurately measured (+/- 2%). The contractor should ensure that the EarthZyme is added after the water. Records should to be kept of all spray runs and should be verified

2.8 MOISTURE CONTENT AND COMPACTION MONITORING

The contractor shall undertake field density measurement of the pavement materials during various phases of construction by Nuclear Densometer (using back scatter mode) at a frequency nominated by the Engineer. The contractor shall document all test results and copies should be forwarded to Cypher International Ltd. for inclusion in your records and data file for future reference.

The pavement materials are to be compacted until the entire layer has attained a minimum dry density of 95% Standard Compaction maximum dry density. The moisture content of the compacted pavement shall be 1% below optimum moisture content.

Should any pavement area not meet the above performance requirements, the contractor will be required to repair and retest that section to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

2.9 SURFACE COMPACTION VERIFICATION

Undertake verification of Pavement compaction using a Clegg Impact hammer on completion. The frequency of pavement testing shall be no less than 1 per 50m (164 ft) minimum.

The Contractor should record verified copies of all Clegg Hammer readings obtained in the field and forward to Cypher International Ltd. for inclusion in your records and data file for future reference.

All costs associated with the provision of Clegg Hammer and testing shall be born by the Contractor and priced in the tendered Schedule item.

Cypher International Ltd.

Cypher Ltd provides environmental solutions for road dust control, soil stabilization, algae reduction, wastewater remediation, road building, organic effluent treatment, algae removal, road dust suppression, organic bioremediation, wastewater treatment, bod & cod removal, and effluent odor control with environmental agricultural and infrastructure products

such as EarthZyme™, Dust Stop™ and Ultrazyme™.